• Fundus infections can be due to viruses, protozoa, bacteria, spirochetes, fungi and nematodes.
  • Toxoplasmosis, the most common retinal infection, is caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan, toxoplasmosis gondii.
  • Old, inactive toxo lesions are most often pigmented and do not present with an overlying vitritis.
  • Active toxo lesions are most often grayish white, elevated with ill defined borders and are associated with an overlying vitreous inflammation and occasionally a papillitis.
  • Active toxo lesions, which are in proximity of the disc or macula, require timely therapeutic intervention.
  • This week’s series begins with a patient who had multiple toxo reactivations well documented with optos® panoramic ophthalmoscopy and SD OCT.